5G a me ka ʻoki pūnaewele
Ke ʻōlelo nui ʻia ʻo 5G, ʻo Network Slicing ka ʻenehana kūkākūkā nui loa i waena o lākou. ʻO nā mea hoʻohana pūnaewele e like me KT, SK Telecom, China Mobile, DT, KDDI, NTT, a me nā mea kūʻai lako e like me Ericsson, Nokia, a me Huawei ke manaʻoʻiʻo nei ʻo Network Slicing ka hale hana pūnaewele kūpono no ka wā 5G.
ʻO kēia ʻenehana hou e hiki ai i nā mea hoʻohana ke hoʻokaʻawale i nā ʻupena virtual end-to-end he nui i loko o kahi ʻenehana hāmeʻa, a ua hoʻokaʻawale pono ʻia kēlā me kēia Network Slice mai ka hāmeʻa, ka ʻike pūnaewele, ka ʻupena lawe a me ka pūnaewele kumu e hālāwai ai i nā ʻano like ʻole o nā ʻano lawelawe.
No kēlā me kēia Network Slice, ua hōʻoia piha ʻia nā kumuwaiwai i hoʻolaʻa ʻia e like me nā kikowaena virtual, bandwidth network, a me ka maikaʻi o ka lawelawe. No ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ʻana o nā ʻāpana mai kekahi i kekahi, ʻaʻole e pili ka hewa a i ʻole ka hāʻule ʻana i ka ʻāpana hoʻokahi i ke kamaʻilio ʻana o nā ʻāpana ʻē aʻe.
No ke aha e pono ai ʻo 5G i ka Network Slicing?
Mai ka wā ma mua a hiki i ka pūnaewele 4G o kēia manawa, hoʻohana nui nā pūnaewele paʻa i nā kelepona paʻa, a ma ke ʻano maʻamau, hana wale ʻia kekahi no nā kelepona paʻalima. Eia nō naʻe, i ka wā 5G, pono nā pūnaewele kelepona e lawelawe i nā polokalamu o nā ʻano like ʻole a me nā koi. ʻO ka nui o nā hiʻohiʻona noi i haʻi ʻia e pili ana i ka broadband mobile, iot nui, a me ka iot mission-critical. Pono lākou a pau i nā ʻano pūnaewele like ʻole a loaʻa nā koi like ʻole i ka neʻe ʻana, ka moʻohelu kālā, ka palekana, ka mana kulekele, ka latency, ka hilinaʻi a pēlā aku.
No ka laʻana, hoʻohui ka lawelawe iot nui i nā mea ʻike paʻa e ana i ka mahana, ka haʻahaʻa, ka ua, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe. Eia kekahi, ʻo nā lawelawe iot koʻikoʻi e like me ka hoʻokele autonomous a me ka mana mamao o nā robots e koi i ka latency end-to-end o kekahi mau milliseconds, he ʻokoʻa loa ia mai nā lawelawe broadband mobile.
ʻO nā hiʻohiʻona noi nui o 5G
ʻO kēia ka manaʻo e pono mākou i kahi pūnaewele hoʻolaʻa no kēlā me kēia lawelawe? No ka laʻana, lawelawe kekahi i nā kelepona paʻalima 5G, lawelawe kekahi i ka 5G nui iot, a lawelawe kekahi i ka 5G mission critical iot. ʻAʻole pono mākou, no ka mea hiki iā mākou ke hoʻohana i ka ʻoki ʻana i ka pūnaewele e hoʻokaʻawale i nā ʻupena loea mai kahi pūnaewele kino ʻokoʻa, ʻo ia kahi ala kūpono loa!
Nā Koina Noi no ka ʻoki ʻana i ka Pūnaewele
Hōʻike ʻia ka ʻāpana pūnaewele 5G i wehewehe ʻia ma ka pepa keʻokeʻo 5G i hoʻokuʻu ʻia e ka NGMN ma lalo nei.
Pehea mākou e hoʻokō ai i ka ʻoki ʻana i ka pūnaewele end-to-end?
(1)5G pūnaewele hoʻohana ʻole a me ka pūnaewele kumu: NFV
Ma ka pūnaewele paʻa lima o kēia lā, ʻo ka mea nui ke kelepona paʻalima. Kūkulu ʻia ʻo RAN(DU a me RU) a me nā hana koʻikoʻi mai nā lako pūnaewele i hoʻolako ʻia e nā mea kūʻai aku RAN. No ka hoʻokō ʻana i ka slicing pūnaewele, ʻo Network Function Virtualization (NFV) kahi mea e pono ai. ʻO ke kumu, ʻo ka manaʻo nui o NFV ʻo ia ka hoʻopili ʻana i ka polokalamu hana pūnaewele (ʻo ia hoʻi, MME, S/P-GW a me PCRF i loko o ka packet core a me DU i ka RAN) i loko o nā mīkini virtual ma nā kikowaena kalepa ma kahi kaʻawale i kā lākou hoʻolaʻa. nā mea hana pūnaewele. Ma kēia ʻano, mālama ʻia ka RAN e like me ke ao lihi, aʻo ka hana koʻikoʻi e mālama ʻia e like me ke ao kumu. Hoʻonohonoho ʻia ka pilina ma waena o VMS ma ka lihi a ma ke ao kumu me ka hoʻohana ʻana i SDN. A laila, hana ʻia kahi ʻāpana no kēlā me kēia lawelawe (ʻo ia hoʻi ka ʻāpana kelepona, ka ʻāpana iot nui, ka ʻāpana iot koʻikoʻi, a pēlā aku).
Pehea e hoʻokō ai i kekahi o ka Network Slicing(I)?
Hōʻike ka kiʻi ma lalo nei pehea e hiki ai ke hoʻopololei ʻia a hoʻokomo ʻia kēlā me kēia noi kikoʻī lawelawe i kēlā me kēia ʻāpana. No ka laʻana, hiki ke hoʻonohonoho ʻia ka ʻoki ʻana penei:
(1) UHD slicing: virtualizing DU, 5G core (UP) and cache servers in the edge cloud, and virtualizing 5G core (CP) and MVO servers in the core cloud
(2) Hoʻopili kelepona: virtualizing 5G cores (UP a me CP) a me nā kikowaena IMS me ka hiki ke holo piha i ke ao kumu.
(3) ʻO ka ʻoki iot nui (e laʻa, nā pūnaewele sensor): ʻO ka hoʻokalakupua ʻana i kahi kumu 5G maʻalahi a māmā i ke ao kumu ʻaʻohe hiki ke hoʻokele mobility.
(4) ʻO ka ʻoki ʻana i ka iot koʻikoʻi: ʻO ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻana i nā cores 5G (UP) a me nā kikowaena pili (e laʻa, nā kikowaena V2X) i ke ao ʻaoʻao no ka hōʻemi ʻana i ka latency hoʻouna.
I kēia manawa, pono mākou e hana i nā ʻāpana hoʻolaʻa no nā lawelawe me nā koi like ʻole. A hoʻonoho ʻia nā hana ʻoihana virtual ma nā wahi like ʻole i kēlā me kēia ʻāpana (ʻo ia hoʻi, ke ao ʻaoʻao a i ʻole ke ao kumu) e like me nā ʻano lawelawe like ʻole. Eia kekahi, pono paha kekahi mau hana pūnaewele, e like me ka bila, ka mālama ʻana i nā kulekele, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe, i kekahi mau ʻāpana, akā ʻaʻole i nā mea ʻē aʻe. Hiki i nā mea hoʻohana ke hoʻopilikino i ka ʻili pūnaewele ma ke ala a lākou e makemake ai, a ʻo ke ala ʻoi loa ka uku.
Pehea e hoʻokō ai i kekahi o ka Network Slicing(I)?
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ʻO ka pūnaewele i wehewehe ʻia e nā polokalamu, ʻoiai he manaʻo maʻalahi i ka wā i hoʻomaka mua ʻia ai, e lilo ana i mea paʻakikī. Ke lawe nei i ke ʻano o Overlay ma ke ʻano he laʻana, hiki i ka ʻenehana SDN ke hāʻawi i ka pilina pūnaewele ma waena o nā mīkini virtual ma ka ʻenehana pūnaewele e kū nei.
ʻO ka ʻoki ʻana i ka pūnaewele hope-a-hope
ʻO ka mea mua, ke nānā nei mākou pehea e hōʻoia ai i ka paʻa ʻana o ka pilina ma waena o ke ao ʻaoʻao a me nā mīkini virtual cloud core. Pono e hoʻokō ʻia ka pūnaewele ma waena o nā mīkini virtual ma muli o IP/MPLS-SDN a me Transport SDN. Ma kēia pepa, kālele mākou i ka IP/MPLS-SDN i hāʻawi ʻia e nā mea kūʻai router. Hāʻawi ʻo Ericsson a me Juniper i nā huahana hoʻolālā pūnaewele IP/MPLS SDN. He ʻokoʻa iki nā hana, akā like loa ka pilina ma waena o SDN-based VMS.
Aia i loko o ke ao nui nā kikowaena virtualized. Ma ka hypervisor o ke kikowaena, e holo i ka vRouter/vSwitch i kūkulu ʻia. Hāʻawi ka mea hoʻoponopono SDN i ka hoʻonohonoho tunnel ma waena o ka server virtualized a me ka DC G/W router (ke router PE e hana ana i ka MPLS L3 VPN ma ke kikowaena data cloud). E hana i nā tunnel SDN (ʻo ia hoʻi MPLS GRE a i ʻole VXLAN) ma waena o kēlā me kēia mīkini virtual (e laʻa me 5G IoT core) a me nā mea hoʻokele DC G/W i ke ao kumu.
A laila hoʻokele ka mea hoʻokele SDN i ka palapala ʻāina ma waena o kēia mau tunnels a me ka MPLS L3 VPN, e like me ka IoT VPN. Ua like ke kaʻina hana ma ke ao ʻaoʻao, e hana ana i kahi ʻāpana iot i hoʻopili ʻia mai ke ao lihi a i ka iwi kuamoʻo IP/MPLS a hiki i ke ao kumu. Hiki ke hoʻokō ʻia kēia kaʻina hana ma muli o nā ʻenehana a me nā kūlana i oʻo a loaʻa i kēia manawa.
(3) Ke ʻoki ʻana i ka pūnaewele ma waena o ka lihi a me ke ao kumu: IP/MPLS-SDN
ʻO ka mea i koe i kēia manawa, ʻo ia ka pūnaewele fronthawall mobile. Pehea mākou e ʻoki ai i kēia pūnaewele paʻa paʻa lima ma waena o ke ao ʻaoʻao a me ka 5G RU? ʻO ka mea mua, pono e wehewehe mua ʻia ka 5G front-haul network. Aia kekahi mau koho ma lalo o ke kūkākūkā ʻana (e laʻa, ka hoʻolauna ʻana i kahi pūnaewele mua i hoʻokumu ʻia i ka packet hou ma ka wehewehe ʻana i ka hana o DU a me RU), akā ʻaʻole i hana ʻia ka wehewehe maʻamau. ʻO ke kiʻi aʻe he kiʻi i hōʻike ʻia ma ka hui hana ITU IMT 2020 a hāʻawi i kahi laʻana o kahi pūnaewele fronhaul virtualized.
Laʻana o 5G C-RAN Network Slicing e ITU Organization
Ka manawa hoʻouna: Feb-02-2024
